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Dog Breeds

Dog breeds are groupings of closely related domestic dogs. Generally these dogs are similar in appearance and temperament. All dog breeds fall under the subspecies Canis lupus familiaris, but beyond this they feature particular characteristic traits. Usually when people mention dog breeds they are talking about breeds that have been engineered by humans by selecting and breeding from a known foundation stock. Dog breeds can also refer to natural breeds, which have arisen on their own through time, with little to no selective breeding.

Natural breeds, however, have not been closely documented in the same way that domestic breeds have been. It’s important to distinguish here that dog breeds are not biological classifications used by scientists, but are rather used primarily by hobbyists who are members of breed clubs. This remains a passion worldwide, and many dog shows are vested in the development of different dog breeds.

The way a dog breed is solidified comes when a sufficient number of dogs exist which are capable of transferring the specific genes to future generations of dogs. It is because of this common ancestry that dogs of the same breed will generally feature similar looks and behaviors.  Purebred dogs are those dogs which have come through a specific breed and have proof of ancestry.

Initially this method of dog selection was practiced in order to help produce and proliferate dogs trained to bark at unfamiliar creatures, guard livestock, or hunt successfully. Searching for these working dog breeds brought about such breeds as the Labrador and the German Shepherd. It has only been in more recent years that dogs have been selected based on physical characteristics or “attractiveness” according to show judges.

While purebred status is important to many people interested in dog shows, having a purebred dog does not necessarily mean you will have a smarter or better behaved dog. There are many “mutts”—the term used to describe dogs of mixed ancestry—that make excellent companions. Additionally, purebred dogs will usually be expensive to purchase, whereas mutts can be taken home for free in many cases.

Knowing the characteristics of different dog breeds can help you make the decision as to what dog is best for you. Of course, it’s worth keeping in mind that while a dog may come with genetic predispositions, it will also have its own personality. Similarly, you will be responsible for training your dog. Therefore, your dog’s behavior will largely be dependent on what happens after you purchase it, not its ancestry solely.

 


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